Chemistry Form 4: Chapter 7 - pH Scale

• The pH scale is used to measure degree of the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution based on the concentration of hydrogen ions.
• pH is defined as the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution.

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1. The higher the concentration of H⁺ , the lower the pH value.
2. The higher the pH value, the higher the concentration of hydroxide ions.
3. At pH =7, the concentration of H⁺ ions is equal to the concentration of OH^- . The solution is termed as being neutral for example pure water.
4. The stronger an acid, the lower of its pH value.
5. The stronger an alkali, the higher of its pH value.

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