Chemistry Form 5: Chapter 2 - Carboxylic Acid
- Carboxylic acids are organic compounds which form an homologous series with the general formula of CnH2n+1COOH.
- Carboxylic acids are compounds which contain a -COOH functional group.
- Carboxylic acids are weak acid which ionize partially in water to produce lower concentration of hydrogen ions compare to strong acid.
| Formula | Common Name | Source | IUPAC Name |
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| HCO2H | formic acid | ants (L. formica) | methanoic acid |
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| CH3CO2H | acetic acid | vinegar (L. acetum) | ethanoic acid |
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| CH3CH2CO2H | propionic acid | milk (Gk. protus prion) | propanoic acid |
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| CH3(CH2)2CO2H | butyric acid | butter (L. butyrum) | butanoic acid |
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| CH3(CH2)3CO2H | valeric acid | valerian root | pentanoic acid |
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| CH3(CH2)4CO2H | caproic acid | goats (L. caper) | hexanoic acid |
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| CH3(CH2)5CO2H | enanthic acid | vines (Gk. oenanthe) | heptanoic acid |
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| CH3(CH2)6CO2H | caprylic acid | goats (L. caper) | octanoic acid |
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| CH3(CH2)7CO2H | pelargonic acid | pelargonium (an herb) | nonanoic acid |
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| CH3(CH2)8CO2H | capric acid | goats (L. caper) | decanoic acid |
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